Who has to warn
Proposition 65 (Health and Safety Code section 25249.6) forbids a business to knowingly and intentionally expose anyone to a listed chemical without first giving a clear and reasonable warning, except as section 25249.10 provides. Businesses with fewer than 10 employees are outside it (section 25249.11(b)).
For a product, the duty sits first with the manufacturer, producer, packager, importer, supplier or distributor: either the warning on the label or labeling, or a written notice with the warning materials to the retail seller's authorized agent, renewed every year (27 CCR 25600.2(b)). The retail seller puts up the warnings it receives (25600.2(d)) and is responsible itself only in the cases of 25600.2(e), for example products under its own brand.
Full warning or short form
The full warning of 25603(a) names one or more chemicals for each harm, cancer or reproductive toxicity, unless the chemical named is listed for both and the warning says so (25601(b)). It can go on the label or labeling, a sign or shelf tag, a product page or a catalog. The short form of 25603(b) is for the product label only, in type no smaller than 6 points (25602(a)(4)), and names one chemical per harm.
The amendment in force since 1 January 2025 added the chemical name to the short form. The old wording of 25603(c), such as “Cancer -- www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.”, may stay on products manufactured and labeled before 1 January 2028, whenever they are sold; labels from that date need the full warning or the new short form.
Online shops and catalogs
For internet sales the warning goes on the product display page, behind a clearly marked hyperlink using the word WARNING (or CA WARNING, CALIFORNIA WARNING) on that page, or is otherwise shown prominently before the purchase is completed (25602(b)). A catalog shows the full warning so that it is clearly linked to the item (25602(c)). Where the label carries the short form, the website and the catalog may use the same text.
Products with their own warning
Food and dietary supplements, alcoholic beverages, furniture, passenger and off-highway vehicles and their parts, recreational vessels and their parts, diesel-engine equipment, raw wood products, cannabis and THC products, glyphosate products, prescription drugs and a few others have their own warning in 27 CCR 25607.1 and after, and that warning must be used (25607(a)). The generator stops for them and names the section. Warnings for workplaces, premises and environmental exposures are not covered.
Other languages
If the label, labeling or sign gives consumer information in another language, the warning must also be given in that language, in addition to English (25602(d)). OEHHA publishes sample translations on P65Warnings.ca.gov.
Selling children's products in the United States? The Children's Product Certificate kit writes the CPSC certificate for each product.
Nothing you type leaves your browser. The warnings are copied word for word from 27 CCR 25603 as published in the official California Code of Regulations (checked on 25 October 2026). Whether a product needs a warning, and for which chemicals, depends on the exposure and is for you to establish: this page does not test products. Not legal advice.
Sources
- California Code of Regulations, title 27, sections 25600 to 25607.53 (Article 6, Clear and Reasonable Warnings), as amended operative 1 January 2025
- California Health and Safety Code, section 25249.6
- California Health and Safety Code, section 25249.11
- OEHHA, the Proposition 65 list
- OEHHA, sample warnings and translations for businesses